Limit Test for Chloride
Principle for the Limit Test for Chloride
Limits test for chloride is a semi-quantitative analytical test to check the chloride impurities in a given pharmaceutical sample.
It is performed to identify the traces of chloride impurities that are likely to be present in a substance.
Since the preparation of the medicines involves many reactions, there is a chance of intrusion of impurities from water and other sources.
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To comply with quality control, these impurities have to be kept under check and hence they are to be estimated.
The limit Test for Chloride is based upon the chemical reaction between silver nitrate and soluble chloride in the presence of dilute nitric acid to give opalescence of silver chloride. The opalescence produced is compared with the standard solution.
If the opalescence in the sample is less than the standard, it passes the test. If it is more than the standard, it fails the test.
Apparatus Required
- Nessler cylinders
- Glass rod
- Stand
Chemicals Required
- Dilute nitric acid (10%)
- Silver nitrate (5%)
- Sodium chloride
Reaction
Procedure for the Limit Test for Chloride
Take two 50 ml Nessler cylinders. Label one as “Test” and the other as “Standard”.
| Standard | Test |
| 1. Place 1 ml of 0.05845% w/v solution of NaCl in a Nessler cylinder. | 1. Dissolve the specified quantity of the substance in distilled water and transfer it to the Nessler cylinder. |
| 2. Add 10 ml of dilute. HNO3. | 2. Add 10 ml of dilute. HNO3. |
| 3. Dilute to 50 ml with water and add 1 ml of silver nitrate solution. | 3. Dilute to 50 ml with water and add 1 ml of silver nitrate solution. |
| 4. Stir immediately with a glass rod and allow to stand for 5 minutes. | 4. Stir immediately with a glass rod and allow to stand for 5 minutes. |
| 5. Observe the opalescence developed and compare it with that of the sample. | 5. Observe the opalescence developed and compare it with that of the standard. |
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