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D.Pharm 2nd Year Pharmacology, Important Questions

Here are some important questions for D. Pharma 2nd Year Pharmacology that can help in exams:

Unit 1: General Pharmacology

1. Define pharmacology. What are the different branches of pharmacology?


2. Explain the routes of drug administration with examples.


3. Describe the pharmacokinetics of drugs (ADME – Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion).


4. What is bioavailability? Explain factors affecting it.


5. Define first-pass metabolism with examples.


6. What is the mechanism of drug action? Explain drug-receptor interactions.


7. Define and differentiate between agonists and antagonists.


8. Explain factors modifying drug action.


9. What are adverse drug reactions? Classify them with examples.


10. Define drug tolerance, dependence, and idiosyncrasy with examples.



Unit 2: Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) Pharmacology

11. Classify the autonomic nervous system (ANS).


12. What are sympathomimetic and sympatholytic drugs? Give examples.


13. Classify cholinergic and anticholinergic drugs with their uses.


14. Explain the pharmacological actions of adrenaline.


15. What is myasthenia gravis? Discuss its treatment.



Unit 3: Cardiovascular System (CVS) Drugs

16. Classify antihypertensive drugs with examples.


17. What are diuretics? Classify them and explain the mechanism of action of loop diuretics.


18. Discuss the pharmacology of digoxin.


19. Explain the mechanism of action of beta-blockers.


20. Write a short note on calcium channel blockers.



Unit 4: Central Nervous System (CNS) Drugs

21. Classify general anesthetics. Explain their mechanism of action.


22. Write a short note on benzodiazepines and barbiturates.


23. Classify antidepressant drugs and explain the mechanism of action of SSRIs.


24. Explain the pharmacology of opioids and their uses.


25. Write a short note on Parkinson’s disease and its treatment.



Unit 5: Drugs Affecting the Endocrine System

26. Classify oral hypoglycemic agents. Explain the mechanism of action of sulfonylureas.


27. What are corticosteroids? Explain their pharmacological actions and uses.


28. Describe the mechanism of action and uses of insulin.


29. Classify thyroid drugs and explain their uses.


30. Explain the pharmacology of contraceptive drugs.



Unit 6: Chemotherapy & Antimicrobial Drugs

31. Define antibiotics. Classify them with examples.


32. Explain the mechanism of action of penicillin and cephalosporins.


33. What are fluoroquinolones? Write their mechanism of action and uses.


34. Classify antifungal drugs with examples.


35. Explain the pharmacology of anti-tubercular drugs.



Unit 7: Miscellaneous

36. Write a short note on vaccines and immunosuppressants.


37. Explain the pharmacology of NSAIDs.


38. What are proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)? Explain their mechanism of action.


39. Define and classify antiulcer drugs.


40. Discuss the mechanism of action and uses of antihistamines.



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